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当雅思写作“旅游类”难题遇到“北极星”

2021-02-15 12:18:43

当雅思写作“旅游类”难题遇到“北极星”

大家新年快乐！春节假期小新将为大家分享新通老师们的“独家秘笈”，帮你假期充电，吸收满满考试干货！下面就让Darren老师和我们一起聊聊雅思写作吧~

在雅思写作各个话题中，有一类话题是让无数考生‘晕头转向’‘迷失方向’。它就是‘旅游类’话题。在往年真考中每年都会出现，因为考察的角度比较刁钻，往往会成为学生‘屠鸭’路上的拦路虎。今天我们就看看基础段教材‘北极星’能为我们考生指出什么样的方向吧！

首先让我们看一道2015.01.29雅思写作的真题：

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?

Nowadays both scientists and tourists can go to remote natural environments such as the South Pole. This development has more advantages than disadvantages.

这道题问我们：现在，不论是科学家还是游客都可以去遥远的自然环境，比如：南极。这样的发展是否利大于弊？

这里需要注意的点有两个：一个是题干中提到了两组不同的人：科学家和游客；一个是题干中问：是否利大于弊。所以这意味着在我们的讨论中需要同时包括上面的两组对象和好处、缺陷。

这道题目的论点对于各位考生来说应该是不难的：科研是好的；旅游能开拓人们的视野同时可能会有负面影响。

但是如果想非常顺利地论证下来可能就会遇到问题。最主要是词汇问题。我们都知道科研是好的，但是在这些自然环境能做什么样的实验？有什么样的发现？会有什么样的好处？这些知识点都是在学生的日常积累之外，更不要提写出来好的词组和句子了。另外，游客带来的负面影响除了比较好想到的污染环境之外，好像也很难想到进一步的细节。

这样的文章，很容易变成一篇流水账，缺乏地道的词汇表达，不符合雅思写作4个评分标准中‘lexical resource’的要求，很难拿到理想的成绩。

而这里就是‘北极星’出现的地方！在‘北极星3’第5单元的阅读‘Tourists in a fragile land’中就非常详细的罗列了南极特殊的自然环境对于科研的帮助；以及来南极的游客对于自然环境的威胁！

更妙的是，在本单元的阅读练习中非常贴心的准备了‘summary’的题型，帮助我们梳理主要的信息。

接下来就让大老师带大家梳理一下本篇的主要思路吧！

Benefits for scientists	Drawbacks of tourists
provide a unique environment v.	loss of the results of scientific research projects
Meteorologists study the effects of the zone hole in order to understand global warming.	loss of the results of scientific research projects
Astronomers have a unique view of space and are able to see it clearly from Antarctica.	disappearance of fragile plants and animals
Botanists study the plant life to understand how it can live in such a harsh environment.	disappearance of fragile plants and animals
Geologists study the Earth to learn more about how it was formed.	damage the balance of animal and plant life in Antarctica
Psychologists study how people behave when they live and work together in such a remote location.	damage the balance of animal and plant life in Antarctica

从这个表格中，我们可以得到非常多的细节和例子。同时，也能补充大量的话题词汇。比如：a unique environment; the effects of the zone hole; a harsh environment; fragile plants and animals等等。

这些地道的表达能极大地丰富我们的词汇量同时提高我们的分数。

除此之外，在本篇中也包含了很多表示‘因果’关系的逻辑短语，同样可以使用在我们的写作中，比如：

句子 + as a consequence of + 短语

短语 + is a problem caused by + 短语

接下来，就让我们把这些元素结合起来完成一个具体的段落吧(划线短语为原文中的短语)：

Even if travelling to those remote areas can expand people’s horizon, its drawbacks should not be ignored. First, scientists may lose the results of scientific research projects as a consequence of tourists. It is because those untrained travelers always take scientists away from their researches and damage those projects by making simple mistakes such as opening a wrong door or dumping into a small piece of equipment. Also, rubbishes left by visitors and oil spills caused by tourism can destroy scientific projects. Environmental pollution is another problem caused by tourism. When those sightseers leave trashes everywhere and disturb the plants and animals, they may damage the balance of animal and plant life and lead to disappearance of fragile plants and animals.

这样我们就通过使用‘北极星’的文章中地道词组完成了一个完整的段落。

同时这个段落还可以被使用在其他‘旅游类’的话题中：

It has become easier and more affordable for people to visit other countries.

Is it a positive or negative development? 2012.10.20

Responsible tourists could preserve both the local culture and environment. Some people think it is impossible to be a responsible tourist. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 2013.12.7 / 2017.7.20

Many people believe that international tourism is a bad thing for them.

Why do they think so? How to change their views? 2015.5.30

International travel makes people more prejudiced rather than broad-minded. Why? How can we improve the understanding for those countries that we visit? 2015.8.13